The Břevnov monastery tradition has it that, in the early 13th century, Abbot Kuno sent the Rajhrad monk Juryk (or Jurik) to the area of what is now Police nad Metují, to build a hermitage there. According to the monastery's register of deaths, Juryk died in 1209 and was succeeded by the deacon Vitalis from Břevnov, who, together with several brothers, built a wooden chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary near the hermitage in 1213. In that very same year, Abbot Kuno filed a plea with King Ottokar I of Bohemia I, asking that he donate this territory. The existence of the Police priory was also confirmed by Pope Boniface VIII in 1296. The abbots of Břevnov soon began trying to have the more favourably situated Broumov Basin added to the territory of the Police region.
The monastery Church of the Virgin Mary was probably built during the era of Abbot Martin I. It boasts a beautiful early Gothic doorway. In the late 13th century, Abbot Bavor of Nečtiny devoted a great deal of attention to the Police monastery, commissioning several manuscripts (such as The Lives of the Saints) and other works of art - including a large painting on wood, and carpets. He also began work on the construction of stone buildings to house a dormitory and a refectory; a third part of the ambit was built, containing living quarters for the provost. The construction of the church was also completed.
The Police monastery gradually waned in importance after the foundation of the monastery in Broumov. However, their fates were closely linked. During the battles for the Czech throne in the latter half of the 15th century, in 1469 both monasteries, Broumov and Police, were occupied by the troops of Governor František of Háj, who was fighting on the side of Matthias Korvín. Later, the monastery in Broumov, together with the Police provostship, was mortgaged by King Vladislaus Jagiellon to Henry of Münsterberg, son of George of Poděbrady. In 1499, a privilege was granted by King Vladislaus, according to which the estates of neither the Broumov monastery nor that in Polička were to be mortgaged any longer.
In 1602, after his forced resignation, Abbot Martin II "Korýtko", together with the monastery treasury, sought refuge in the monastery in Police, where he later died.